Food grade stainless steel: 304/316/430/321
This is the most common food grade stainless steel with good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. 304 stainless steel contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel, which can resist the acidic substances in most foods. It is widely used in kitchen utensils, internal parts of food processing equipment, etc.
Chemical composition
304 stainless steel grades: 0Cr18Ni9 (0Cr19Ni9) 06Cr19Ni9 S30408
Chemical composition: C: ≤0.08, Si: ≤1.0 Mn: ≤2.0, Cr: 18.0～20.0, Ni: 8.0～10.5, S: ≤0.03, P: ≤0.035 N≤0.1.
Compared with 304L
304L is more corrosion resistant and contains less carbon.
304 is widely used and has good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low temperature strength and mechanical properties; it has good hot processing properties such as stamping and bending, and no heat treatment hardening phenomenon (non-magnetic, use temperature -196°C~800°C).
After welding or stress relief, 304L has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion; it can also maintain good corrosion resistance without heat treatment, and the operating temperature is -196°C-800°C.
304 stainless steel plate has beautiful surface and diverse use possibilities. It has good corrosion resistance and is more durable than ordinary steel. It has good corrosion resistance and high strength, so it is more likely to be used in thin plates. It is resistant to high temperature oxidation and high strength, so it can resist fire. It can be processed at room temperature, that is, it is easy to plasticize. Because it does not need surface treatment, it is simple and easy to maintain. Clean, high finish, good welding performance
About 2% of molybdenum is added to 304 stainless steel to make it more corrosion-resistant, especially suitable for food processing equipment in marine environments or chlorine-containing media. 316 stainless steel is also commonly used in the medical field and high-end kitchen equipment.
Product Features
SUS316 stainless steel has good plasticity, toughness, cold deformation and welding process performance. 316 has good high temperature strength, 316L has slightly worse high temperature performance, but better corrosion resistance than 316. Due to its low carbon content and 2%-3% molybdenum, it improves its corrosion resistance to reducing salts and various inorganic acids and organic acids, alkalis and salts, and has high temperature strength.
Basic Features
(1) Cold rolled products have good gloss;
(2) Due to the addition of Mo (2~3%), corrosion resistance, especially pitting resistance, is excellent
(3) Excellent high temperature strength
(4) Excellent work hardening (weak magnetism after processing)
(5) Non-magnetic in solid solution state
(6) Good welding performance. All standard welding methods can be used for welding. When welding, 316Cb, 316L or 309Cb stainless steel filler rods or electrodes can be used for welding according to the purpose. In order to obtain the best corrosion resistance, the welded section of 316 stainless steel needs to be annealed after welding. If 316L stainless steel is used, post-weld annealing is not required.
Contains about 16% chromium, and its corrosion resistance is slightly lower than that of 304 stainless steel, but its price is lower. It is suitable for some food processing equipment and mid-range tableware that do not require high corrosion resistance.
430 stainless steel is a general-purpose steel with good corrosion resistance, better thermal conductivity than austenite, smaller thermal expansion coefficient than austenite, heat fatigue resistance, and good mechanical properties of the weld part due to the addition of the stabilizing element titanium. 430 stainless steel is used for architectural decoration, fuel burner parts, household appliances, and home appliance parts. 430F is a steel with easy-cutting properties added to 430 steel, mainly used for automatic lathes, bolts and nuts, etc. 430LX adds Ti or Nb to 430 steel and reduces the C content, improving the processing and welding properties. It is mainly used for hot water tanks, hot water supply systems, sanitary appliances, household durable appliances, bicycle flywheels, etc.
Characteristic processing technology
1D—The surface has discontinuous granularity, also known as matte. Processing technology: hot rolling + annealing shot peening pickling + cold rolling + annealing pickling.
2D—It is slightly glossy silvery white. Processing technology: hot rolling + annealing shot peening pickling + cold rolling + annealing pickling.
2B—It is silvery white and has better gloss and flatness than 2D surface. Processing technology: hot rolling + annealing shot peening pickling + cold rolling + annealing pickling + tempering rolling.
BA—The surface has good gloss and high reflectivity, like a mirror surface. Processing technology: hot rolling + annealing shot peening pickling + cold rolling + annealing pickling + surface polishing + tempering rolling.
No.3—It has good gloss and coarse grain on the surface. Processing technology: Polish and temper rolling 2D or 2B with 100~120 abrasive materials (JIS R6002).
No.4—It has good gloss and fine grain on the surface. Processing technology: 2D or 2B products are polished and tempered with 150~180 abrasives (JIS R6002).
HL—silver gray with hairline stripes. Processing technology: 2D or 2B products are polished with abrasives of appropriate particle size to make the surface have continuous grinding lines.
MIRRO—mirror-like state. Processing technology: 2D or 2B products are polished with abrasives of appropriate particle size to a mirror effect.
Material properties
430 stainless steel has the ability to resist oxidation and corrosion, but has a tendency to intergranular corrosion.
430 stainless steel wire is widely used in axles.
Because it is safe and non-toxic, it is widely used in food and tableware.
321 stainless steel is a Ni-Cr-Ti type austenitic stainless steel with properties of abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, creep resistance, etc. It is used to manufacture linings and conveying pipelines of wear-resistant acid containers and wear-resistant equipment.
Ti in 321 stainless steel exists as a stabilizing element, but it is also a heat-resistant steel grade, which is much better than 316L in high temperature. 321 stainless steel has good wear resistance in organic and inorganic acids of different concentrations and temperatures, especially in oxidizing media, and is used to manufacture wear-resistant acid containers and linings and pipelines for wear-resistant equipment.
321 stainless steel is a Ni-Cr-Ti type austenitic stainless steel, and its performance is very similar to 304, but due to the addition of metal titanium, it has better resistance to intergranular corrosion and high temperature strength. Due to the addition of metal titanium, the formation of chromium carbide is effectively controlled.
321 stainless steel has excellent high temperature stress rupture (Stress Rupture) performance and high temperature creep resistance (Creep Resistance) stress mechanical properties are better than 304 stainless steel. Suitable for welding components used at high temperatures.
Applications
Applied to outdoor machines in the chemical, coal, and petroleum industries that require high resistance to intergranular corrosion, heat-resistant parts of building materials, and parts that are difficult to heat treat, such as:
1. Petroleum waste gas combustion pipelines
2. Engine exhaust pipes
3. Boiler shells, heat exchangers, and heating furnace parts
4. Silencers for diesel engines
5. Boiler pressure vessels
6. Chemical transport vehicles
7. Expansion joints
8. Spiral welded pipes for furnace pipes and dryers
9. Aviation
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