1. Material Designation

• European Standard: 1.4922 (EN 10088)

• Former Designation: X22CrMoV12-1 (DIN)

• International Equivalents:

  USA: AISI 422 (UNS S42200)

  Japan: SUS 422

  China: 2Cr12MoV (GB/T 1220)

2.Alloy Design Concept

C:0.20-0.25%;Forms chromium carbides for hardness and wear resistance.

Cr:11.0-12.5%;Base corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation protection.

Mo:0.80-1.20%;Enhances pitting and creep resistance.

V:0.25-0.35%;Grain refinement, prevents softening at high temperatures.

Si+Mn:≤1.0%;Deoxidation and improves workability.

• Design Goal: To balance strength, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability through Cr-carbide hardening combined with Mo-V synergistic strengthening.

3. Core Performance

（1）Mechanical Properties (Quenched and Tempered Condition)

Tensile Strength: 900-1100 MPa

Yield Strength: 700-850 MPa

Elongation: 12-18%

Hardness: 30-45 HRC (depending on tempering temperature)

（2）High-Temperature Performance

Effective Service Temperature: ≤650°C (short-term)

Strength Retention at 540°C: >600 MPa (superior to conventional martensitic steels)

（3）Corrosion Resistance

• Environment: Atmosphere/Steam

Resistance: ★★★★☆

Failure Risk: Very Low

• Environment: Mild Acids/Alkalis (pH 4-9)

Resistance: ★★★☆☆

Failure Risk: Medium

• Environment: Chlorides (Cl⁻)

Resistance: ★☆☆☆☆

Failure Risk: Very High (Pitting/SCC)

（4）Physical Properties

Density: 7.78 g/cm³

Thermal Conductivity: 24 W/(m·K) @100°C

Thermal Expansion: 11.5×10⁻⁶/K (20-300°C)

Magnetism: Strong Ferromagnetic

4. Heat Treatment Process

（1）Annealing (Pre-Machining):
850-900°C → Furnace cool to 600°C → Air cool
Target Hardness: ≤250 HB

（2）Quenching (Hardening):
1020-1050°C → Oil/air quench
Quenched Hardness: ≥50 HRC (followed by immediate tempering)

（3）Tempering (Property Adjustment):
600-700°C → Air cool

Hardness Control:

600°C tempering → 45 HRC

650°C tempering → 38 HRC

700°C tempering → 30 HRC

5.Typical Applications

（1）Industry:Power Generation

Application Components:Turbine blades, fastening bolts

Key Advantages:High-pressure steam resistance up to 540°C

（2）Industry:Tooling

Application Components:Tooling pins, dies

Key Advantages:High hardness and wear resistance

（3）Industry:Aerospace

Application Components:Engine bearing housings

Key Advantages:High specific strength

（4）Industry:General Machinery

Application Components:Pump shafts, valve stems

Key Advantages:Excellent erosion-corrosion resistance

（5）Not Recommended For: Seawater environments, welded pressure-bearing structures, chloride-rich media.

6. Machining and Welding Considerations

（1）Machining:

Recommended Condition: Annealed

Cutting Tools: Carbide-coated tools

Cooling: Forced water-based coolants (to prevent work hardening)

（2）Welding (High-Risk Process):

• Preheating: 250-300°C (uniform heating)

• Filler Materials:

Matching Electrode: E410NiMo (AWS A5.4)

High-Corrosion Applications: Nickel-based ERNiCrMo-3 filler wire

• Post-Weld Heat Treatment: 700°C × 2h tempering → furnace cooling (to eliminate residual stresses and cracking)

7. Comparison with Competitor Materials

（1）1.4922

Ultimate Strength:1100 MPa

Corrosion Resistance:Medium

Cost Index:1.5x

Temperature Limit:650°C

（2）17-4PH

Ultimate Strength:1300 MPa

Corrosion Resistance:Medium

Cost Index:2.0x

Temperature Limit:300°C

（3）420J2 (4Cr13)

Ultimate Strength:800 MPa

Corrosion Resistance:Low

Cost Index:1.0x

Temperature Limit:450°C

（4）Upgraded Alternatives:

For higher corrosion resistance: Duplex Stainless Steel 2205

For ultra-high temperature: Nickel-based Inconel 718

8. Failure Prevention Strategies

（1）Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC):
Surface Treatment: Hard chromium plating (≥30μm) or shot peening

（2）High-Temperature Oxidation:
Protective Coating: Al-Si pack cementation

（3）Long-Term Embrittlement:
Maintenance Plan: Ultrasonic flaw detection and hardness re-check every 5000 hours

9. Advanced Technology Applications

Additive Manufacturing: Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) for integrated complex blade structures

Surface Hardening: Low-temperature plasma nitriding (Surface Hardness >1000 HV, Wear Resistance ↑300%)

10. Conclusion

As a leading martensitic heat-resistant stainless steel, 1.4922 (X22CrMoV12-1) achieves an excellent balance of strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance through its Cr-Mo-V alloy system and precise heat treatment. It serves as a cost-effective alternative to certain nickel-based alloys for applications up to 650°C. With advancements in microalloying, surface engineering, and additive manufacturing, 1.4922 is poised to deliver even greater performance in more extreme environments, supporting the next generation of high-end manufacturing.

11. About Suzhou Bolaibao Metal

Suzhou Bolaibao Metal Technology Co., Ltd. specializes in supplying high-performance stainless steels, heat-resistant steels, and special alloys, providing professional material solutions for power generation, petrochemical, aerospace, and high-end equipment manufacturing sectors. Our main product range includes the full series of high-temperature, high-strength engineering materials, including 1.4922 martensitic heat-resistant stainless steel, with comprehensive services from material selection consulting and performance evaluation to customized processing.

With years of industry experience and a complete quality management system, Bolaibao Metal not only supplies high-quality materials but also provides reliable technical support and engineering assurance for customers facing extreme conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and severe corrosion.

Choose Bolaibao Metal — your expert partner for advanced material solutions.
Tel: +86 15366282159
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